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 Nept and Nopt structures (Part 3). MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 11/18/2011, 12:51 AM Nept and Nopt structures (Part 3). HEFTY NOPT Structures H-(Ellipsis)-Fractal Type Nested Operational Power Towers. Transitional numbers between finite and infinite realm. Keywords: hyperoperations, seed values (starting and controlling), linear nopt structures, gi-sequence from Graham’s number, g-subscript towers. Summary: NOPT structures give a standard approach to looking at the bizarre world of numbers that straddle the finite and infinite divide. The induced Multi-layered Ellipsis Structure from a NOPT structure has similar component-connection structure to the well-known H-Fractal, given a corresponding degree of resolution. Moreover, The H-fractal structure is emergent from the NOPT structure and guides the multi-layered nestedly embedded computational pathways. In the representations I give (see the pictures below) the computation starts at the bottom right corner and moves towards the top left corner. Caveat: This mathematical material is very abstract and not practically computable on any computer, if accurate magnitude is a desired goal, because it’s in the area of hyperoperations, the boundary of practical maths. When the operation is not specified, NOPT structures are floaty and esoteric in nature, but nevertheless they still say something about the patterns arising from unlimited multilayered nested recursion, with SeedValue being the standard stage level phase transition marker. A comparison can be made with Hereditary Base n, where the base value is used at other exponent levels apart from the level of standard positional notation, resulting in a treelike number structure. Perhaps, another comparison can be made with CantorNormalForm for infinite ordinals. In the pictures below: The NOPT structure we consider below and is shown in the 4 pictures below is the nonation NOPT structure, remembering that OrderType=9 is derived from considering the corresponding NEPT structure arising from the nonation hyperoperation. All of the “formal power towers” in the NOPT structure are given the symbol “theta” (Note: by “formal” expression I mean an unevaluated symbolic expression that could be evaluated given more information). When the SeedValue is supplied, in theory, the power tower can be evaluated because the height information about the power tower is given, then each succeeding power tower in the linear Nopt structure can be evaluated with each power tower evaluation supplying the height of the next power tower to be evaluated. In the first picture the SeedValues have the form “theta ) n” In the second picture the SeedValues have the form “n”. Sometimes, we may want to ensure that the next linear component in the NOPT structure has nontrivial ellipsis value and so we use the first style of NOPT structure. However, I think that for a standard definition of NOPT structure it is better to use the second style of NOPT structure where SeedValue=n. By some kind of careful inspection argument, one can notice ellipsis values that are the same magnitude within a NOPT structure, for example where the ellipsis is equal to SeedValue (a controlling seed value, not a starting seed value). (Remember, starting seed values inform the height of the adjacent power tower, theta, in the linear NOPT component. Controlling seed values give the length of an ellipsis within a component of the NOPT structure.) Also, by careful inspection argument, one can order ellipsis lengths by increasing order of magnitude. Although it is very difficult to quantify “how much” longer one ellipsis is compared to another, the magnitudes increase very quickly as is the nature of fast-growing functions. The idea of visualising the ellipsis lengths in increasing magnitude order has been color-coded in Picture 3. Finally, Picture 4 shows the induced Multi-layered Ellipsis Structure from a NOPT structure and is color-coded in the same way as in Picture 3. The basic structural pattern of the well-known H-Fractal can be seen somewhat clearly. JmsNxn Long Time Fellow Posts: 571 Threads: 95 Joined: Dec 2010 11/18/2011, 01:03 AM Hate to be a stick in the mud, but the pictures aren't showing up for me. Although this sounds very complicated, it seems interesting, especially the definitions of $e_n$ However I think pictures would clarify a lot. MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 11/18/2011, 01:30 AM The pictures are in the next 3 posts... Nonation Nopt structure Pictures 1 Nonation Nopt structure Pictures 2 Nonation Nopt structure Pictures 3 & 4 JmsNxn Long Time Fellow Posts: 571 Threads: 95 Joined: Dec 2010 11/18/2011, 02:26 AM Oh sorry, my bad. Thought three was it. MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 04/23/2012, 12:29 PM two papers to follow up on the ideas introduced about Nepts and Nopts. this is original stuff. I used equation editor... for the formulae and MSexcel for the colored-square diagrams (CSDs). I hope this is something of interest. The ideas of computational pathways may have alternative forms. My CSD nopt pictures are magnitude-distorted but accurate NEPT pathway representations for the base(m) Ackermann number sequence as described in PaperA. thanks Bo and Andy for the tetration faq pdf I'm sorry, I just discovered it! very useful and comprehensive. btw, I'm an amateur mathematician. been doing this as a hobby.   PaperA.pdf (Size: 269.52 KB / Downloads: 966)   PaperB.pdf (Size: 970.75 KB / Downloads: 866) MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 11/15/2012, 11:10 PM   FinBetaPaper3.pdf (Size: 861.65 KB / Downloads: 650) This is the third paper on the topic of nept and nopt structures, that continues the ideas contained in the papers “Hyperoperations and Nopt Structures” and “Hierarchies and Nopt Structures”. The paper is called “Transitional Sequences and Nopt Structures” Abstract (Beta version) Variations of Nopt structures. Computational pathways. Transitional sequences from exponentiation to tetration. A canonical transitional sequence that moves through the hyperoperator hierarchy. Laddered exponents. Complexity based definitions of finite and infinite. Some Bowers array numbers compared with Naropt structures. Keywords: Natural numbers, hereditary base, transitional sequences, laddered exponents, Nopt structures, long repdigit numbers, binary sequences in other bases. Note: Nopt structures have 2 levels of interpretation: (1) as geometric, recursive tiling patterns following a prescribed folding pattern and overlayed on a regular geometric tesselation of the plane. In this case, the term “noptiles” may be more suitable than “nopt structures”. Usually the underlying tesselation is a two dimensional grid of squares, but it may be possible to use other shapes such as regular hexagons as the background tesselation. (2) nopt structures are noptiles where a recursion-based operation, and computational pathway are additionally specified. The canonical example is nested exponential power towers corresponding to the hyperoperators. Other important interpretations are possible such as what happens when you continue PVN (or SPN) numbers into nopt structures. Philosophers interested in “finite” and “infinite” should take note, since it is a natural generalisation of the familiar counting numbers in base10 using Place Value Notation into recursive structures of finite ordertype. There are 4 important caveats that are needed in order to accept and understand a recursion interpretation of geometric noptiles: (1) The idea of minimal symbolic notation and “formal” power towers (2) The mapping from minimal symbolic notation to Coloured Square Diagrams, using some kind of appropriate colour scheme to represent the symbols or glyphs of a formula. No maths software can adequately represent formulae as complicated as those associated with the NEPT-form of arbitrary hyperoperators in the hyperoperator hierarchy. (3) The “wonky-H-fractal” to “uniform-H-fractal” assumption is acceptable. The uniform-H-fractal assumption is needed in order to create extensible noptiles that act as schematic representations of the computational pathways. (4) The pseudocode for the folding patterns works (see “Hyperoperations and Nopt Structures” and “Transitional Sequences and Nopt Structures”), is extensible, and is, in principle, programmable. Animations (using excel CSDs, powerpoint and mediafile) of the 3 aspects of nopt structures can be made. The 3 aspects are folding patterns, computational pathway and transitional sequence. The Base(n) Ackermann function (aka Seed(n) Ackermann function) is defined as: n^^n, n^^^n, n^^^^n, ... (where n>=3 is a constant natural number) This is a little different from the “Ackermann number sequence” in Wikipedia: 1^1, 2^^2, 3^^^3, 4^^^^4, .... (using Knuth arrows) A smooth canonical transition sequence using noptiles can be described and animated, the animations show a "smooth" quality, and the NEPT-form recursion interpretation of the noptiles is then mathematically accurate for the transitional sequence through the Base(n) Ackermann numbers described in the paper "Transitional Sequences and Nopt Structures". In some ways, nopt structures provide a relatively simple and intuitive unified framework for discussing various kinds of recursion in maths and computer science. Alister (“Mike Smith”) MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 01/21/2014, 06:32 AM Technical Note: the idea about other shapes, regular hexagons, it seems was a little silly, color squares are the way to go for composite mulanept patterns. the " four number regions " ... 1) up to about 10^19 2) up to about 10^10^7 3) hyper(4) to about hyper(m) with 9 <= m <= 27 4) Conway Chain Arrows with lengths 3, 4 and 5 the number region2 has an interesting demo project by Ed Pegg Jr http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/HowTri...ginAndEnd/ I feel some people have observed about composite noptiles the following: There are composite ordertype 4s but not composite ordertype 3s Why is this? answer: hyper4 corresponds with ordertype4 iterated hyper4 corresponds with composite ordertype4 hyper5 corresponds with ordertype5 this matches the wikipedia information for hyper4, hyper5 and hyper6 although without direct linguistic reference to " mulanept " so then what about composite ordertype 3s ? the noptile geometry doesn't refer to this and therefore doesn't refer clearly to iterated exponentiation, before hyper4 is this a problem? I feel it isn't for several reasons iterated exponentiation is the domain of several things * iterations of exponential function and Lambert's W * the demo project above * the next FGH function coming after (2^n)*n * typical problems described as "laddered exponents" * etindao numbers ( ie triplepowers, quadruplepowers etc indexed with appended operations ) * the generalised formula for the First Value of ordertype(5) with arbitrary finite base(n) in type dimensional PVN so the stage between PVN and hyper4 is served well by the standard notations if there were a desire to express iterated exponentiation using composite noptiles it is still possible, but looks unnecessary & silly the ordertype3 seedvalue becomes the topmost exponent the 3coloured squares of ordertype4 correspond to either seedvalue^seedvalue or n^seedvalue 2 iterates of ordertype4 (5coloured squares) correspond to n^(n^seedvalue) and so on then ordertype5 corresponds with hyper4 so this is a little cumbersome and why I think I did it the right way the conventional symbol formula expressions power tower notations look after the levels of iterated exponentiation that lead up to hyper4 The term Composite Mulanept Patterns is the correct term when the Composite Noptile Patterns are given the suitable interpretation relative to Compositions Of Hyperoperations. There are other interpretations for the patterns, coming under the umbrella term Functional Type Shifting Patterns The following quote comes from “the music of the primes – why an unsolved problem in mathematics matters” by Marcus du Sautoy. It has relevance to my work as I explain below. “ While Robinson [Julia Robinson] was putting paid to the tenth of Hilbert’s problems, a friend of hers in Stanford was demolishing Hilbert’s [David Hilbert] belief that in mathematics there is no unknowable. As a student in 1962, Paul Cohen had rather arrogantly asked his professors in Stanford which of Hilbert’s problems would make him famous if he could solve it. They thought for a while, then told him that the first one was the most important. In crude terms, it was asking how many numbers there are. To head this list, Hilbert had chosen Cantor’s question about different infinities. Is there an infinite collection of numbers which is bigger in size than the set of all fractional numbers, yet small enough that they can’t be paired with all the real numbers – including all irrational numbers such as pi, sqrt(2) or any number with an infinite decimal expansion? Hilbert probably turned in his grave when Cohen returned a year later with the solution: both answers are possible! Cohen proved that this most basic of questions was one of Godel’s unprovable statements. Gone, then, was any hope that only obscure questions were undecidable. What Cohen had proved was this: it was impossible to prove, on the basis of the axioms [starting assumptions] we currently use for mathematics, that there is a set of numbers whose size is strictly between the number of fractions and the number of all real numbers; equally, it can’t be proved that there isn’t such a set. Indeed, he had managed to build two different mathematical worlds which satisfied the axioms we are using in mathematics. In one of those worlds the answer to Cantor’s question was ‘yes’; in the other world it was ‘no’. “ I think I was mostly happy with this answer due to Cohen’s work, but also, to some extent, I guess I thought the answer could be improved upon, and I discovered an answer that seems more easy to understand or more of an ideal answer, in the same way as Hilbert must have felt when he famously said: " We must know — we will know! " Wir müssen wissen — wir werden wissen! for more quotes see http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/David_Hilbert http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignoramus_et_ignorabimus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Hilbert http://plus.maths.org/content/we-must-know-we-will-know That was one of the motivations for my work, I wanted the context of infinity, different kinds of infinity to be understood from the more stable mathematics of hyperoperations and compositions of hyperoperations, quoting from the quote above “In crude terms, it was asking how many numbers there are. To head this list, Hilbert had chosen Cantor’s question about different infinities.“ The Composite Mulanept Patterns are the optimal answer about how to visualise in “crude terms” how many numbers there are and thereby much elucidating the “Frivolous Law of Arithmetic” that says almost all numbers are very, very big. there are four realms of useful math with natural numbers numbers up to 10^19 numbers up to 10^10^7 numbers from 4^^4 to 4(^m)4 where 9 <= m <= 27 Conway chained arrows of length 3, 4 or 5 the first realm is the realm of the trades and engineering where confidence about thoroughness assumption of natural numbers is valid the second realm is the realm of math tricks that work in order to verify some very large prime numbers for all the talk about prime gaps there are many genuine prime gaps of indescribabilty up to the largest known prime numbers the third realm is the realm of generalised recursion and there is a perfectly good geometry for this the key hyperoperations that can be described clearly this way are hyper7, 8 and 9 the "heavy particles" of mathematics with a particle wave duality likewise of fundamental importance are the first 2 non-trivial terms of the FGH the fourth realm is also important as it comes from a well defined recurrence relation and shows the regions of numbers clearly and ... transfinite arithmetic inconsistencies or glitches at e1, e2, e3, e4, e5 and so on --- the epsilon numbers check the arithmetic and see that its true the workaround uses hyperoperation style of logic Sierpinski didn't mention about this ... ... ... he got famous for his Sierpinski gasket ... ... ... MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 01/21/2014, 08:25 AM re : " the "heavy particles" of mathematics with a particle wave duality " this is a metaphor for : "Compositions of hyperoperations have a discernible twofold aspect" or "Compositions of hyperoperations have a discernible binate nature" see " functional type shifting patterns " http://math.eretrandre.org/tetrationforu...hp?tid=822 om~ohm~om~ohm~om~ohm~om MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 05/25/2014, 09:40 PM the second realm is also the realm of Globular Digisubi Patterns about infinite decimal expansions this is another understanding, some of the globular digisubi patterns associated with recursion on the digit(subscript(J)) operator mentioned on the UTM Prime Curios! glossary, there are lots of possible patterns, and as globular tree-strings interpreted as strings, they could either be regarded as long repdigit strings or by removing the leading 0's as natural numbers, and then regarded as positive integers having magnitudes approximately between 10^10 and 10^^10, they are a new class of pattern numbers with a binate nature (since they are tree-strings), and they are easy to create with the usual grid layout of coloured rectangles, and they also represent a recursive repdigit generalisation of infinite decimal expansions. MikeSmith Junior Fellow Posts: 40 Threads: 16 Joined: Nov 2011 06/26/2014, 10:42 AM the arty pictures, colour square diagrams or representations from Paper A and Paper B have been combined together in this PDF presentation called " presentation "   presentation.pdf (Size: 551.54 KB / Downloads: 426) to understand the math requires careful attention to details I think is possible to verify together with the explanations from Paper A and Paper B "Life," said Marvin dolefully, "loathe it or ignore it, you can't like it." "Forty-two," said Deep Thought, with infinite majesty and calm. "Simple. I got very bored and depressed, so I went and plugged myself in to its external computer feed. I talked to the computer at great length and explained my view of the Universe to it," said Marvin. "And what happened?" pressed Ford. "It committed suicide," said Marvin and stalked off back to the Heart of Gold. "Share and Enjoy" is the company motto of the hugely successful Sirius Cybernetics Corporation Complaints division, which now covers the major land masses of three medium sized planets and is the only part of the Corporation to have shown a consistent profit in recent years. In the beginning the Universe was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move. "So, how are you?" [Zaphod] said aloud. "Oh, fine," said Marvin, "if you happen to like being me, which personally I don't." http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Hitchhi...the_Galaxy ~~8~0~8~~8~0~8~~8~0~8~~8~0~8~~8~0~8~~8~0~8~~ « Next Oldest | Next Newest »

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